Effects of some antituberculous and antileprotic drugs on. Ehrenpreis, md department of gastroenterology university of chicago chicago, il mcgrawhill medical publishing division new york chicago san francisco lisbon london. Ppt antiepileptic drugs powerpoint presentation free. Traditionally, they were used to treat stomach ulcers, but for this purpose they have largely been replaced by the acid inhibiting compoundsa, the h2 receptor blockers.
The goal of the national youth antidrug media campaign is to prevent drug use before it starts and encourage occasional users to discontinue use. D lehigh university bios 10 bioscience in the 21st century september 10, 2010. In physiologic terms an anemia is any disorder in which the patient suffers from tissue hypoxia due to decreased oxygen carrying capacity of the blood. Diloxanide furoate luminal amoebicide highly effective against cysts pharmacokinetics. Drugs, brains, and behavior the science of addiction. Theyll give your presentations a professional, memorable appearance the kind of sophisticated look that todays audiences expect. Pdf thermoanalytical investigation of some sulfonecontaining. Other antibiotics oflaxacin, minocycline, clarithromycin, current recommendations for the treatment of leprosy suggest multidrug regimens rather than monotherapy because such a regimen has proven to be more effective, delays the emergence of. The lowdose combination drugs should be distinguished from fixeddose combination drugs, which combine two agents at each of the highest recommended doses into one tablet for convenience. Drugs and their modifying effects on the human body ryan d.
Pdf the thermal behavior of some sulfonecontaining drugs, namely, dapsone dds. Purpose antispasmodic drugs have been used to treat stomach cramps. In this video, dr anshuman has discussed about the mnemonics to easily remember the classification of anti leprotic drugs. It also briefly discusses the newer drugs and alternative regimens as. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. The term describes pharmacologic agents that undergo biotransformation producing substances which combine with receptors.
Thus,the national youth antidrug media campaign seeks to alter these demandrelated factors. The problem and potential solution of combining drugs 10 january 2017 drugs are combined in endless wayschemotherapy and antinausea pills. The purpose of todays activity is for students to begin to understand how different drugs can affect the body. Combination drug therapy in the treatment of hypertension. Main drugs used in chemotherapy of these diseases may inhibit the main lysosomal cysteine proteinases i. Campaign efforts should primarily target illicit drugs of first use.
Neurochemistry of drug action university of georgia. Although taking drugs at any age can lead to addiction, research shows that the earlier a person begins to use drugs, the more likely he or she is to develop serious problems. Leon ke, salinas jl, mcdonald rw, sheth an, fairley jk am j trop med hyg 2015 nov. Using drugs can become a problem depending on a number of factors. Ulcerative lesions caused by mycobacterium ulcerans respond well to clofazimine. Classification of drugs sulfones dapsone antitubercular drugs rifampicin ethionamide phenazines. But eutcd does assure ethical donation and donor safety. A pharmacological evaluation of certain antileprotic drugs 1 by h.
Drugs in use, case studies for pharmacists and prescribers find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. So the aim of this study is to see the effect of antituberculous and antileprotic drugs on these proteolytic enzymes. Key concepts in drugs and society sage publications ltd. Highlevel prescribing trends for antileprotic drugs bnf section 5. As new research and clinical experience broaden our knowledge, changes in treatment and drug therapy are required. This material is provided for educational purposes only and is not intended for medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Neurochemistry of drug action insights from proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging and their relevance to addiction stephanie c. Directly kill trophozoite responsible for production of cyst single. Means living culture media is required for growth of this bacterium eg of culture media rat whole animal like. Newer management options in leprosy rao p n, jain s indian j. There is evidence that psychoactive plants such as ephedra were used by neanderthal man as far back as 50,000 years ago merlin, 2003, and all civilizations that have had access to these. Drugs that reduce cardiac output will decrease filtration rate of the kidney. Chiral drugs is a comprehensive listing of over 2500 chiral drugs, classified by therapeutic class, and including structures and physical properties for each entry in the listing.
Ethionamide is a antitubercular drug that has significant antileprotic activity, but causes hepatotoxicity in 10% patients. Performanceenhancing drugsenhancing drugs androgenic. Data sources include ibm watson micromedex updated 4 may 2020, cerner multum updated 4 may 2020. General information about drugs saint marys college. Drugs can alter filtration, reabsorption, and active secretion of the kidney. Hallucinogenic drugs and plants and poppers amyl nitrate are also taken for fun. White matter fibers, parietal areas this publication is in the public domain and may be used or reproduced in its entirety without permission from nida. Narcotics hallucinogens depressants stimulants types of drugs. Pdf drug interactionsprinciples, examples and clinical. Due to availability of effective antileprotic drugs now, it is entirely curable, but deformities already incurred may not reverse. Winner of the standing ovation award for best powerpoint templates from presentations magazine. Introduction leprosy is a disease caused by mycobacterium leprae lesions of skin and peripheral nerves are characteristic feature of this disease.
The most disturbing adverse reaction to clofazimine is a redbrown. Leprosy is a chronic disease caused by the bacteria mycobacterium leprae that causes damage to the skin and the peripheral nervous system. The goal of the national youth antidrug media campaign is to prevent drug use before it starts and encourage occasional users to. This module focuses on drugspowerful substances that can.
Drugs are chemicals that change the way your body works. Leake from the pharmacological laboratq1y, university of california, medical school, san franoisco, california inrroddclion the introduction of new therapeutic agents into medicine re. The disease develops slowly from six months to 40 years. Refer to specialised medicines service sms prescribing guideline. Different types of drugs categories and types of illegal. Its companion volume, chiral intermediates, presents the same detailed information for. Based on individual patient characteristics, construct a treatment and monitoring plan for a patient with ra and, when appropriate, include biologic dmard therapy. Worlds best powerpoint templates crystalgraphics offers more powerpoint templates than anyone else in the world, with over 4 million to choose from. In a stereoselective synthesis, one of a set of isomers is predominantly or exclusively formed whereas in a stereospecific synthesis, one iso. For the treatment of moderate pain, it is recommended to combine aspirin. Assess the differences between classes of biologic diseasemodifying antirheumatic drug dmard therapy.
The effects of drugs part i a s noted in chapter 1, the use of substances for their consciousnessaltering effects is ubiquitous in human history. Antispasmodic drugs definition antispasmodic drugs relieve cramps or spasms of the stomach, intestines, and bladder. Among the antileprotic drugs, only clofazimine inhibited the enzymic activities whereas dapsone had no effect whatsoever. These drugs may be legal or illegal, helpful or harmful. So tyrosine kinase inhibitor as an antiangiogenic agent is new cancer. Changes in urinary ph, one drug can alter the ionization of another drug, and thereby increase or decrease the extent to which that drug undergo passive tubular reabsorption. Anemia anemia can be defined as a reduction in the hemoglobin,hematocrit or red cell number.
Different types of drugs categories and types of illegal drugs. These drugs increase blood pressure and heart rate. Leprosy or hansens disease leprosy is caused mainly by mycobacterium leprae, a rod shaped bacillus that is an obligate intracellular only grows inside of certain human and animal cells bacterium. These drugs speed up the bodys system and create a powerful feeling of energy. Traditionally, they were used to treat stomach ulcers, but for this purpose they have largely been replaced by the acid inhibiting compoundsa, the h2 receptor blockers such as cimetidine and ranitidine and the proton pump inhibtors such as omeprazole, lansoprazole and rabetazole. Cannabis, sedatives, hypnotic drugs and tranquillisers are sometimes used in conjunction with recreational drugs. Clinicians handbook of prescription drugs seymour ehrenpreis, phd former chairman and professor emeritus of pharmacology chicago medical school chicago, il eli d. Medicines are drugs that can help cure sickness, relieve pain or prevent illness. Antispasmodic drugs definition of antispasmodic drugs by.
The multi drug therapy mdt for leprosy and mechanism of action of. Antiemetic drugs metoclopramide has antiemetic properties and also stimulates upper gastrointestinal motility. This is a major advantage of clofazimine over other antileprosy drugs. Type i type ii erythema nodosum leprosumrelapse in lepromatous type iii hsr slow and insiduous new crops of nodules glomerulonephritis, hepatitis,conjunctivitis keratitis,fever no tenderness reversalupgrading or downgrading in tuberculoid type iv hsr abrupt and sudden existing lesionedema,erythema tenderness. Every drug has sideeffects and risks, but some drugs have more risks than others, especially illegal drugs. You can explore prescribing trends for this section by ccg, or learn more about this site.
Leprosy or hansens disease leprosy is caused mainly by mycobacterium leprae, a rod shaped bacillus that is an. Deepak k gupta slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. Stimulants, or uppers, have the ability to make people feel awake and alert. The problem and potential solution of combining drugs. Antacids and other antiulcer drugs antacids usually containing aluminium or magnesium compounds can often relieve symptoms in ulcer dyspepsia and in nonerosive gastrooesophageal reflux. In modules 2 and 3, students learned about the parts of the brain and how information is sent throughout the body. Dismukes from the department of medicine, division of infectious diseases, university of alabama at birmingham school of medicine in the united states, only 10 antifungal drugs are currently approved by the food and drug administration fda for the therapy of systemic fungal infections.
Most drugs fit into one or more of the following categories. Shortterm anxiolytic therapy although it does not replace psychotherapy is particularly favorable for the excited and very anxious patient during psychosocial. Changes in urinary ph, one drug can alter the ionization of another drug, and thereby increase or decrease the extent to. A leprostatic agent is a drug that interferes with proliferation of the bacterium that causes. Interface with medicines legislation european tissues and cells directive. Leprosy, caused by mycobacterium leprae, has been considered incurable since ages and bears a social stigma. Introduction leprosy is a disease caused by mycobacterium leprae lesions of skin and peripheral nerves are characteristic feature of this disease 3. Antispasmodic drugs have been used to treat stomach cramps. Metoclopramide is effective against nausea and vomiting associated with gastrointestinal disorders or migraine, following surgery and chemotherapy and is also effective against radiationinduced nausea and vomiting. Leake from the pharmacological laboratq1y, university of california, medical school, san franoisco, california inrroddclion the introduction of. Renshaw2 1behavioral psychopharmacology research laboratory, mclean hospitalharvard medical school, belmont, massachusetts. Drugs, brains, and behavior the science of addiction image.
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